
Genesis 16
1 Now Sarai, Abram's wife, had borne him no children. But she had an Egyptian maidservant named Hagar; 2 so she said to Abram, "The LORD has kept me from having children. Go, sleep with my maidservant; perhaps I can build a family through her."
Abram agreed to what Sarai said. 3 So after Abram had been living in Canaan ten years, Sarai his wife took her Egyptian maidservant Hagar and gave her to her husband to be his wife. 4 He slept with Hagar, and she conceived.
When she knew she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress. 5 Then Sarai said to Abram, "You are responsible for the wrong I am suffering. I put my servant in your arms, and now that she knows she is pregnant, she despises me. May the LORD judge between you and me."
6 "Your servant is in your hands," Abram said. "Do with her whatever you think best." Then Sarai mistreated Hagar; so she fled from her.
7 The angel of the LORD found Hagar near a spring in the desert; it was the spring that is beside the road to Shur. 8 And he said, "Hagar, servant of Sarai, where have you come from, and where are you going?"
"I'm running away from my mistress Sarai," she answered.
9 Then the angel of the LORD told her, "Go back to your mistress and submit to her." 10 The angel added, "I will so increase your descendants that they will be too numerous to count."
11 The angel of the LORD also said to her:
"You are now with child
and you will have a son.
You shall name him Ishmael, [a]
for the LORD has heard of your misery.
12 He will be a wild donkey of a man;
his hand will be against everyone
and everyone's hand against him,
and he will live in hostility
toward [b] all his brothers."
13 She gave this name to the LORD who spoke to her: "You are the God who sees me," for she said, "I have now seen [c] the One who sees me." 14 That is why the well was called Beer Lahai Roi [d] ; it is still there, between Kadesh and Bered.
15 So Hagar bore Abram a son, and Abram gave the name Ishmael to the son she had borne. 16 Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar bore him Ishmael.
Hagar and Ishmael
The first moment of the story:
“Sarai, Abram's wife, had borne him no children so she said to Abram, ‘The LORD has kept me from having children. Go, sleep with my maidservant; perhaps I can build a family through her.’"
We need to understand that for a woman in the ancient East there was nothing worst than to be sterile, the incapacity to bore children was considered a curse.
This text is part of the P tradition of the Old Testament, so it is part of the priests’ understanding of the ritual and the law. The expert lawyers and priests used the sources of the old traditions to recreate the conflict between the promise of the child and the time that passed by without the fulfillment of the promise. The time was passing by, Abram and Sara were old and the child of the promise was not arriving. Sarai was still sterile.
The redactor of the story uses the old traditions as a resource to show how Sarai and Abram tried to make real -in their own way- the fulfillment of the promise. Sarai believed that the way to become a mother was by using the Egyptian maidservant.
The second moment:
“Abram agreed to what Sarai said. He slept with Hagar, and she conceived. “
Abram agrees, and believes that maybe this is the way that God will use to accomplish his covenant. And following their tradition, he slept with Hagar, and she conceived.
Today we see this action with the eyes of our Western morality as immoral, but it was something accepted in those days, in Abram’s times and culture, it was a way designed to protect the honor of the wife that was sterile and guarantee the husband the continuity of his linage.
The third moment:
“Hagar began to despise Sarai.”
Because she saw her pregnancy as a blessing of God, she considered herself blessed, and this idea made her despise Sarai. Sarai’s plan to make the covenant real failed, Hagar considered the new baby as her own son and not as the son of Sarai. It is interesting that Hagar was called Egyptian, in remembrance of the Egyptian captivity. The redactors used this literary device to explain that God would liberate their mother Sarai from the despise of the Egyptian that tried to oppress her.
When Sarai said to Abram: “ ‘You are responsible for the wrong I am suffering. I put my servant in your arms, and now that she knows she is pregnant, she despises me. May the LORD judge between you and me.’ 6 ‘Your servant is in your hands,’ Abram said. ‘Do with her whatever you think best.’ Then Sarai mistreated Hagar; so she fled from her. ”
Abram did not want to accept any responsibility for the conflict between his wife and her servant. He only wanted to have a son and for him this could be just the way that God decided to fulfill his promise.
The action of Sarai moves Hagar to run away, but God appears to Hagar and sends her back with the declaration: “ ‘Go back to your mistress and submit to her.’ 10 The angel added, ‘I will so increase your descendants that they will be too numerous to count.’ ”
This marked the fourth moment of the story.
It is very interesting that Abram and Sarai had a plan for Hagar, but God had another plan for the future of Hagar. God will bless Hagar with a son, and this son will be the father of numerous nations, the people that today we call Arabs.
God ‘s plans are on a level different from our understanding of life. That was the problem with Abram and Sarai; Abram believed in the promise of God in Chapter 15, but the time passed and he considered that maybe the way in which the promise would be accomplished should be by having a son with his wife’s servant.
This is the logic of the human nature, we have faith in God, but at the same time, we condition the results of our faith to our own rationality.
God made a covenant with Abram, and he understood that the only way to help God to fulfill his promise was by having a child with his wife’s servant.
However, God wanted to enter History not only as a giver of promises, but also as the author of life, the creator of a new people. God wanted to show Abram that the promise only would be reached if he was open to the miracle, not to logic or human reason. God did not need the help of Abram’s logic, God just wanted that Abram and Sarai believed that he is the author of life.
In the history of Israel coming back from captivity, this story tried to explain the real value of living by faith, the exiles needed to trust in God The Author of Life and not only in their own efforts. We can do our best, but the power to save, the power to recreate life, this power is in God, and we should open our minds and hearts to the possibility of miracle.
Miracle in this story means the creative action of God in the life of a human being. Miracle here is that Abram and Sarai needed to trust that Sarai would become a mother even if she was old.
Here God also shows us that he can develop his plan for people’s lives beyond people’s expectations.
In The fifth moment
“Hagar gave this name to the LORD who spoke to her: ‘You are the God who sees me,’ for she said, ‘I have now seen [c] the One who sees me.’"
Hagar in her fear and despair had an intense spiritual experience with God, she believed that she was alone, she was running away from her oppressor, and in the moment of loneliness and hopeless she discovered God. And she gave a name to God: "You are the God who sees me,"
This is a beautiful name and a beautiful confession of faith: "You are the God who sees me". How many times in our life do we forget this truth?! How many times do we live as if we were far from the eyes of God?!
Some people do not want to remember this truth because they want to live without God. A God that sees is a God that knows very well what is happening in this world. It is a God that cannot be ignored, it is a God that sees the real value and intentions of the hearts and minds.
In the Bible only the oppressor and the evil do not want a God that sees, they want no God in this world, because they want to act according to their interests: oppressing the poor, the widow and the orphan, - expression that the Bible uses to describe the most vulnerable. But a God that sees is not a reason for fear or worry in the eyes of the believer, because a God that sees us is a God that takes care of us, it is a God that is close-by and is ready to rescue us, it is a God that understands what is happening inside our hearts, it is a God that suffers with us, and is happy with our joys, a God that sees us is a living God, for this reason his presence brings peace and salvation in the moments of trial.
Hagar had this experience and left us her confession of faith: "You are the God who sees me"
The sixth moment:
In the conclusion of the story Hagar bore Abram a son, and Abram gave the name Ishmael (God hears); the name that Abram gave to his son would complete the confession of Hagar’s faith: “God sees,” she said, and Abram added: “God hears too.” He sees our despair and joy, he hears our prayers.
Abram was 86 years old when Ishmael was born, eleven years after Abram had entered the promised land of Canaan.
The story finishes here, but the teaching for us is clear, it is a story that shows us that God is the creator of life beyond our expectations, it is a story that shows us that God has a plan that is not according to our logic, but that is always the best for us, it is a story that shows us that God is observing what is happening in the world and he can see us and help us when we are running away from the problems, and gives us the power and courage to go back and live.
This is a story of ordinary people that in their search for future found the living God. It is our story too, because we do not have to run away like Hagar, God sees us and he can help us to go back and live the abundant life that Christ promises to all who love him.
Amen.